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User's Manual for Solar Street Light Controller

Product Introduction

Naming Rules

The GA series intelligent controller is a conventional PwM charging boost all-in-one machine. The product integrates functions such as energystorageanddischargecontroloflithium-ion batteries, constant current drive of LED lamp heads, automatic time period lighting operation, intelligent energy saving and protection, etc. It is suitable for automatic control and management of various solar LED street lights that require independent operation.

The suffix indicates the charging current, with no suffix indicating a charging current of 10A, and the suffix "-15A" indicating a charging current of 15A; The suffix "-20A" indicates a charging current of 20A.

Special customized models are defined separately.

Product functions/features

The product can intelligently reduce power and save energy according to the battery capacity, in order to extend the lighting time. The product also integrates a charging/discharging high-temperature derating mechanism internally to avoid damage to the controller caused by excessive operation of the equipment in high-temperature environments.

The product has expandable external infrared and microwave human body sensing interfaces, which can achieve differentiated lighting measures between manned and unmanned, further improving the utilization rate of electricity.

This series of products comes standard without an external temperature sensor, but retains relevant interfaces and functions. If required for application, special markings can be made during pre order. (External temperature sensors are commonly used to set the temperature working range of the battery cells inside the battery pack. They need to be installed in a suitable position to function properly. When customers choose, please determine the specifications and characteristics of the sensor and installit reasonably.)

This series of products is designed to cater to the different application characteristics of 12V and 24V lithium battery systems, and offers controllers of corresponding specifications for customers to choose from.

Four majorfunctions

1. Battery charging management function

All support ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries, and provide three-stage charging curve control.

Before charging, check the voltage of the battery. Once the charging conditions are met, charging can begin with trickle slow charging, direct charging, and constant voltage charging. Enter the constant voltage charging stage and stop charging when the charging current is less than 0.02-0.03C (charging PWM duty cycle less than 10% for 2 hours.

After stopping charging, the controller enters standby mode. When the battery voltage is lower than the charging return voltage, re-enter charging.

If the battery exceeds the fully charged set voltage by about 5%, immediately stop charging and enter overvoltage protection. The maximum voltage of a ternary single core shall not exceed 4.25V, and the maximum voltage of a lithium iron phosphate single core shall not exceed 3.65V.

When the battery voltage drops to the over discharge voltage, the controller will enter the battery voltage over discharge protection. After 30 minutes, it will enter a very low-power sleep state. In this state, 2.4G communication will be adjusted to intermittent operation for 20 seconds.

When the voltage of the solar panel reaches the charging condition, it will automatically wake up for charging.

When the battery voltage is charged to above the over discharge return voltage, the light can be turned on. If the battery is over discharged three times in a row during the lighting process, stop discharging again until there is an overcharging process.

2. Load discharge management

Discharge start judgment: The controller determines whether the street lamp is in daytime or nighttime based on the PV voltage of the solar panel. When the PV is lower than the light control turning on voltage, perform a light control delay countdown (default 20s), turn on the night light, and start running according to the set time and power from the first default period. After the running time of the time period expires, it transitions to the next set time period.

Light control signal: Each specification of light control voltage has a standard default setting (6.5V preset for 12V system), which basically meets the needs of most market applications and does not require special adjustments. In special circumstances, customers may make modifications as needed. To avoid misoperation, there will also be a time window for delayed judgment - the light control delay time. The light control signal will only be confirmed after the light control state stabilizes within the delay time. The default delay time for light control is 20 seconds. After configuring infrared or microwave human body induction sensors for control, the delay time for light control will be fixed at 20 seconds.

Morning light: The controller records the night time of each day and automatically calculates the next day's dawn time based on the historical night length, and starts running in advance according to the morning light time. During the discharge or dawn pro cess, if the PV voltage is higher than the light control voltage and the stabilization time exceeds the set value of the light control delay time, it will be judged as entering daytime and the discharge will be stopped.

Automatic power reduction: To avoid over discharge caused by excessive load output when the remaining capacity of the battery is too low, without affecting the lighting function of the street lamp, an automatic power reduction mode can be set. The controller will automatically adjust the output power based on the remaining capacity of the battery to prolong the lighting time. When the battery voltage drops to the endurance voltage point, it will maintain the lowest discharge power operation.

Inductive control: If equipped with human body sensing sensors, the lights will turn on and operate according to the customer's set mode.

Note: This series of products supports intelligent power reduction operation in three modes: no power reduction, automatic power reduction, large, medium, and small. The starting power reduction point and endurance voltage point have been set, allowing for flexible adjustment of the power reduction range and amplitude.

3.Automatictimeslotoperationfunction

The controller can set ^{7+1} time periods, with a maximum of 540 minutes per period anda10minutestepsize.

The extended external human body sensing sensor can be used to enable the setting of lighting strategies for both manned and unmanned situations.

4.Over temperature protection function

Temperature protection inside the controller: When the temperature of the charging and discharging power unit inside the controller is too high, it will enter an automatic derating operation state, reducing the charging or discharging current. If the temperature cannot be lowered after derating, the charging/discharging will be stopped immediately to protect the internal components of the controller. It will only resume operation after the temperature drops.

Lithium battery temperature protection (not standard): When equipped with an external temperature sensor, the allowable temperature operating conditions for the battery cells inside the external lithium battery pack can be set. Due to the significant influence of temperature on the characteristics of lithium batteries. When the temperature of lithium-ion batteries is below 0°\mathsf C or above 45\circ_{\mathsf{C}}, the characteristics of the battery will undergo significant changes, and the capacity will decrease or affect the safe operation of the battery, making it unsuitable for further charging. After the safe temperature charging function is enabled, when the ambient temperature is detected to be below the lower temperature limit or above the upper temperature limit, the controller willstop charging/discharging the battery to prevent damage to the battery or safety accidents. Due to the wide variety of lithium battery types in the market, there are significant differences between the parameters claimed by various manufacturers and their actual applications. Therefore, the operating temperature range of lithium batteries on the controller is set by the user according to the requirements of the battery cells. So the default setting of the controller at the factory does not enable this function. To enable this function to work properly, it is necessary to configure a battery celltemperature sensor and perform effective and reliable installation. Please specify this requirement when purchasing. External temperature sensors that have not been installed and selected in a standard

ized manner can only be used as auxiliary environmental temperature monitoring and cannot be used as a collection source for strict cell temperature protection.

Reiterate: This product comes standard without external ambient temperature detection. If necessary, please evaluate on your own and provide clear requirements when purchasing.

14 features

1.Extremelylowstaticcurrentandsleepcurrent
2. Direct power setting without the need for current calculation and setting
3. Initial power on test lamp function
4. Automatic operation for up to ^{7+1} periods of time
5. High precision digital power control, no flashing lights
6. Automatic power reduction operation under battery voltage
7. Near end 2.4G wireless remote control, open distance greater than 30 meters
8. Convenient single lamp search operation or group lamp control for engineering applica
tions
9. One click fault diagnosis, quickly locate faults
10. External lead reverse or misconnection alarm protection
11. High temperature derating and abnormal alarm inside the controller
12. Retain the interface and functionality of the human body sensing sensor
13. Compact structure, IP67 waterproof design, suitable for various harsh working environ
ments
14. The working temperature range is {\mathsf{-40}}{\mathsf~}60°{\mathsf{C}}, and a higher working temperature range
can be customized

Technical Specifications

Lithium-ion Battery Parameters

Indicator light status

When the wiring of the controller leads is abnormal, such as PV reverse connection, unconnected, load open circuit, short circuit, battery reverse connection, etc., the controller indicator light will prompt the abnormality. When the controller is powered on for the first time, it will automaticallylight up for 20 seconds, making it convenient to test the lights during on-site installation.

Appearance and wiring diagram

6 power leads, with a load of 1.0 square millimeter and the remaining 1.5 square millimeter bare wires. The total length of the controller output is greater than 140mm (subject to the actual product), and the wire ends are pre stripped ( 70-20\mathsf{mm} ). (Lead red positive electrode, black negative electrode)

Please install the controller according to the following wiring sequence

① LED load \mathsf{L}+ (red line)/L - (black line);
② Battery \mathsf{B}+ (red line)/B -(black line);
③ PV solar panel \mathsf{P}+ (red line)/P -(black line);

Please always pay attention to avoiding short circuits when wiring bare wires. When wiring, wrap each wire with insulating tape in a timely manner, do a good job of insulation treatment, and do not operate with live wires.

start

The battery voltage is normal, and the controller will automatically start. After the red indicator light flashes 4 times, the green light flashes 4 more times to indicate the starting process. Then, internal self check and external connection detection will be performed, and once passed, it will enter the working state.

Customers can obtain the working status of the controller based on the display of the indicator lights on the controller, or read it through the remote control.

Precautions

Suitableforbatteries

This series of products is suitable for the application of conventional lithium-ion batteries such as ordinary energy storage or power ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, etc. in the field of solar street lights.

The GA4S series is designed for 12V boost applications and supports 4-series lithium iron, 3-series lithium iron, or 3-series ternary lithium.

Please design and select according to your needs when applying.

The circuit of this device adopts a boost topology structure, and the working voltage of the compatible LED lamp head needs to be higher than the battery voltage in order to work reliably.

Precautions for configuration

The number of LED load strings should not be too few or too many. It is recommended that the minimum voltage for turning on the LED be 1.0V or more higher than the maximum voltage of the battery to avoid the LED low string load from automatically turning on at higher battery voltages and losing power control capability.

The maximum 48V protection on the load side of the multi string controller.

The maximum limit of load side current is related to the specifications and is divided into two categories: 2.5A and 5.0A. Please pay attention when selecting.

Multiple string system LED string count: 6/7-15 strings of ordinary 3V light beads, recommended 10-15 strings.

Precautions forwireless remote control settings

The controller is equipped with a 2.4G wireless remote control module, which can be used for various operations through the Lingyang intelligent remote control. Such as reading or setting working modes, battery parameters, reading real-time data, fault diagnosis, etc.

Working mode settings, including time period parameters, human body induction enable, light controlled voltage setting, and intelligent power reduction mode selection.

Battery parameter settings, including battery type, number of cell strings, full charge voltage, charging return voltage, overdischarge return voltage, overdischarge voltage, start voltage for power reduction, and range voltage settings.

Real time operational data within the controller can be read, including product model, battery voltage, panel voltage, load voltage, load power, and historical data of some controller operations.

The remote control can perform single light operation or group light operation on the controller. It is recommended to adopt single lamp operation as much as possible to avoid affecting the settings of other power on controllers. Before operating a single light, use the remote control to locate the corresponding controller (PID number) and press the fn key. The controller will light up and flash as a reminder. Then perform various operations on the single lamp.

Sleep and wake-up

① The controller is in sleep mode. After the controller is powered on, it can be set by the remote control to enter a sleep state and a very low power consumption state, which is convenient for long-distance transportation and storage along with the battery pack.

When the battery terminal voltage of the controller is lower than the internally set overdischarge voltage for 30 minutes, or when the fault is not resolved for 30 minutes, the controller will automatically enter sleep mode. The controller that enters sleep mode needs tobe awakenedbefore it canwork.

② Controller wakes up. A voltage greater than 4.0V can be applied to the PV end to wake up the controller. Or force wake-up through the remote control.

③ Power off and reconnect. It also requires a PV voltage exceeding 4.oV to wake up the controller.

Protectionfunction

This series of controllers supports various types of abnormal protection, such as protection against abnormal battery voltage and load, and detection of partial lead misconnection and reverse connection.

Battery overvoltage protection, over discharge protection, reverse connection protection, and over temperature protection (not standard, external temperature sensors need to be customized and installed reasonably).

Solar panel reverse connection protection and abnormal charging protection.

Load open circuit protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection.

The controller will enter sleep mode after 30 minutes without continuous abnormal protection and without connecting to the light board.